The Aviation Science

🛫Flight Controls are divided into two main categories 🛫Primary Flight Control Systems -AILERONS AND FLAPERONS -SPOILERS AND SPEEDBRAKES -ELEVATORS -HORIZONTAL STABILIZER -RUDDER. 🛫High Lift Control systems -TRAILING EDGE FLAPS -LEADING EDGE SLATS -KRUEGER FLAPS 🛫Purpose of the primary flight control system (PFCS)- It controls the airplane flight attitude in relation to the three basic axes: - Longitudinal (roll axis) - Lateral (pitch axis) - Vertical (yaw axis) 🛫Roll Control- the roll control uses the ailerons, flaperons, and spoilers to control the airplane attitude about the longitudinal axis. During a bank of the airplane, the aileron and flaperon on one wing move in an opposite direction from the aileron and flaperon on the other wing. 🛫Pitch Control- The pitch control uses the horizontal stabilizer and the elevator to control the airplane attitude about the lateral axis. 🛫Yaw Control- The yaw control uses the rudder...

🛫The electrical power system supplies 235v ac, 115v ac and 28v dc electrical power to the airplane. 🛫These are the power sources:     • Four variable frequency starter generators.         (VFSG).     • Two APU starter generators (ASG).     • Ram air turbine (RAT) generator.     • Main and APU batteries.     • External power. 🛫There are two VFSGs on each engine. They are the primary source of ac power in flight. Additional sources of ac power are the ASGs. 🛫Each VFSG supplies up to 250 kVA and the ASGs provide up to 225 kVA. 🛫A RAT generator is a source of backup ac power. It supplies 230v ac power up to 10 kVA. 🛫For ground operations, there are three external power receptacles. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

𝐒𝐨𝐦𝐞 𝐅𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐬 𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐮𝐭 𝐁𝐨𝐞𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝟕𝟒𝟕-𝟖 🛫It was introduced to service in 1970 and held its passenger capacity record until the introduction of the Airbus A380 in 2007. 🛫747s have flown more KYthan 3.5 billion people, That is almost half the planet's population. 🛫The 350-400 person 747 once carried 1087 people at once during the Operation Solomon evacuation, Israel. 🛫It takes 90 gallons of paint to paint a 747. 🛫Boeing has modified around 15 of their 1500 747 palnes for special purposes. 🛫The engine fan diameter is almost as girthy as a B-29 bomber. 🛫A Boeing 747 aircraft held the passenger capacity record for 38 years. 🛫Because of its distinctive upper hump, it is one of the most recognizable aircraft in the world. 🛫Total electricity capacity of a 747-8 can power up to 4,80,000 32 inch flat screen TVs. 🛫Its original nickname is “Jumbo Jet”. 🛫If the distance covered by the entire fleet of Boeing 747s is added...

🛫It is the temporary diversion of an aircraft engine's thrust so that it is directed forward, rather than backward. 🛫Reverse thrust acts against the forward travel of the aircraft, providing deceleration. 🛫Thrust reverser systems are featured on many jet aircraft to help slow down just after touch-down, reducing wear on the brakes and enabling shorter landing distances. 🛫Such devices affect the aircraft significantly and are considered important for safe operations by airlines. 🛫There have been accidents involving thrust reversal systems, including fatal ones. 🛫Reverse thrust is also available on many propeller-driven aircraft through reversing the controllable-pitch propellers to a negative angle. 🛫The equivalent concept for a ship is called astern propulsion. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

🛫To maintain a steady speed along the flight path in a climb, additional Thrust is required to balance the backward component of Weight. 🛫This additional Thrust required is called Excess Thrust. 🛫Excess Thrust is the Thrust available from the engine(s) after aerodynamic Drag is balanced. 🛫it can be seen that the forward acting force in green, is now the same as the two rearward acting forces in red and the aeroplane will maintain a steady speed along its new flight path. 🛫To maintain a steady climb with no loss of speed, Thrust must balance not only the aerodynamic Drag, but also the backward component of Weight. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

🛫Detachable Plane Design Invented In Ukraine. 🛫Ukrainian aviation engineer Tatarenko Vladimir Nikolaevich has unveiled a ‘detachable cabin’ concept to save lives in a plane crash. 🛫He has been working on this project for the last three years. 🛫His concept plane has a cabin that can be detached from the cockpit in case of an emergency and crash. 🛫The pilot would have to push a button that allows the cabin with all the passengers and even cargo to separate from the rest of the plane. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

🛫An Auxiliary Power Unit is a device on a vehicle that provides energy for functions other than propulsion. 🛫It provides power other than from propulsion systems, the main purpose of APU aircraft to provide power when starting engines. 🛫APU is used to run the support systems when the engine is turned off, this causes the cabin air be comfortable, some APU also connected pump hydraulic that allows to operate the equipment hydraulic (flight control) before starting the machine (turbine, propeller, jet). 🛫There are some part APU such as: generator, oil filter, fuel nozzles, oil tank, bleed water manifold, etc. 🛫They are commonly found on large aircraft and naval ships as well as some large land vehicles 🛫Aircraft APUs generally produce 115 V alternating current (AC) at 400 Hz(rather than 50/60 Hz in mains supply), to run the electrical systems of the aircraft; others can produce 28 V direct current (DC). 🛫APUs can provide power through single- or three-pha...

➡️  Control surface of an airplane used to control its attitude in pitch. ➡️  Elevators are used to climb and decent. There are two elevators which work in pairs, both move up or both move down and both are on each side of the fuselage. ➡️  As the elevators raise upwards, the air stream acting on it will pitch up the nose. As the elevator lowers downwards, the air stream will act to pitch down the craft. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️  ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

➡️When the airflow passes over an aerofoil, the flow at upper side has higher speed than the flow below the aerofoil. ➡️This is because geometry of aerofoil. ➡️Reducing pressure increases the velocity of flow where as higher pressure lowers the airflow velocity at other side ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️  ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

➡️ Reciprocating - utilizes reciprocating pistons. ➡️ Turboprop - turbine-driven compressor. ➡️ Turbojet - turbine-driven compressor. ➡️ Turboshaft - optimized to shaft power. Mostly in helicopter and APU. ➡️ Ramjet - ram compression due to high flight speed. ➡️ Pulse-jet - compression due to combustion. ➡️ Rocket - compression due to combustion. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️  ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

The fuselage is an aircraft's main body section. It holds crew, passengers,cargo, wing and stabilizers. 3 types of fuselage.  -> Truss structure -> Monocoque structure -> Semi monocoque ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

Autorotation is a state of flight in which the main rotor system of a helicopter or similar aircraft turns by the action of air moving up through the rotor, as with an autogyro, rather than engine power driving the rotor. The term autorotationdates to a period of early helicopter development between 1915 and 1920, and refers to the rotors turning without the engine. It is analogous to the gliding flight of a fixed-wing aircraft. The most common use of autorotation in helicopters is to safely land the aircraft in the event of an engine failure or tail-rotor failure. It is a common emergency procedure taught to helicopter pilots as part of their training. In normal powered helicopter flight, air is drawn into the main rotor system from above and exhausted downward, but during autorotation, air moves up into the rotor system from below as the helicopter descends. Autorotation is permitted mechanically because of both a freewheeling unit, which allows the main...

The glide slope, or angle of the descent plane provides the vertical guidance for the pilot during an approach . It’s created by a ground UHF transmitter containing an antenna system operating. Like the signal of the localizer, so does the signal of the glide slope consist of two intersected radiation patterns, modulated at 90 and 150 Hz. However unlike the localizer, these signals are arranged on top of each other and emitted along the path of approach, as you can see in Fig above The thickness of the overlaping field is 0,7° over as well as under the optimal glide slope. ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️  ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

When slats are deployed, they allow high pressure air from beneath the wing to pass through the slat, and over the top of the wing This energizes the boundary layer, delaying airflow separation  This allows the aircraft to fly at slower speeds due to increased lift and reduced airflow separation ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️

Air force one :- It is a modified Boeing 747-200 use to transport U.S. president. Boeing E-4 Advance Airborn Command Post (Nightwatch):- it is modified boeing 747-200, for the National Emergency Airborne Command Post(NEACP) program. It has mid air refuling system.  747-400 Dreamlifter:- It is use to transport parts of Boeing 787 dreamliner . It has second largest cargo volume in world  YAL-1 Airborne Laser:- The Boeing YAL-1  Airborne Laser Testbed (formerly Airborne Laser) weapons system was a megawatt- class chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) mounted inside a modified Boeing 747-400F. It was primarily designed as a missile defense system to destroy tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs) while in boost phase  Carrier Aircraft:- Two Boeing 747-100 use by NASA use to transport spece shuttle.  747 SOFIA (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy):- It's is modified 747-SP use by NASA and German Aerospace Center (...

🛫Air flows along the surface of a wing at different angles of attack (AOA), there are regions along the surface where the pressure is negative, or less than atmospheric, and regions where the pressure is positive, or greater than atmospheric 🛫negative pressure on the upper surface creates a relatively larger force on the wing than is caused by the positive pressure resulting from the air striking the lower wing surface 🛫Pictures show the pressure distribution along an airfoil at three different angles of attack 🛫average of the pressure variation for any given AOA is referred to as the center of pressure (CP) or in other words, the center of pressure is the point where the total sum of a pressure field acts on a body 🛫️Aerodynamic force acts through this CP 🛫️At high angles of attack, the CP moves forward, while at low angles of attack the CP moves aft 🛫In  the design of wing structures, this CP travel is very important, since it affects the posi...

Many designation of the shape like the picture above are located in cone of center fan, the main purpose of this spiral form is that when it rotates it shows that engine operates, the ground crew will know that they have to stay away aircraft engines so that they will not be sucked by engine It also prevents bird strikes, birds see it as the eye of large predator so they stay away ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ ➡️Subscribe us for more aircraft knowledge and aircraft fact⬅️ ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ ➡️Do Share with your Friends⬅️ ➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖➖ #aircraft #aircraftfacts #boeing #airbus #aviation #aircraftmechanic #aviationlovers #pilottraining #pilotlife #instagramaviation #airbuslovers #boeinglovers #airplane #airplanephotos #aviationdaily #aerodynamics #fighter #aviator #cessna #fly #flight #lifestyle #technology #engineering #aeronautics #aeronauticalengineering #avgeek #mechanicalengineering #airport #megaplane