𝐁𝐞𝐫𝐧𝐨𝐮𝐥𝐥𝐢'𝐬 𝐏𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐥𝐞

🛫In fluid dynamics, Bernoulli's principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy.

🛫A practical application of Bernoulli’s theorem is the Venturi tube, sometimes called a convergent / divergent duct.

🛫The Venturi tube has an inlet which narrows to a throat, and an outlet section, relatively longer, which increases in diameter towards the rear.

🛫The mass of air entering the tube must exactly equal the mass exiting the tube.

🛫At the constriction, the speed must increase to allow the same amount of air to pass in the same amount of time as in all other parts of the tube.

🛫When the air speeds up, the pressure also decreases.

🛫Past the constriction, the airflow slows and the pressure increases.

🛫Mass Flow is dependent on the 𝐀𝐫𝐞𝐚 𝐱 𝐃𝐞𝐧𝐬𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐱 𝐕𝐞𝐥𝐨𝐜𝐢𝐭𝐲 and is a constant.

🛫This is known as the 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐮𝐢𝐭𝐲 𝐄𝐪𝐮𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧.

🛫To do this and still pass through the reduced cross-section of the throat the speed of flow through the throat must be increased.

🛫In accordance with Bernoulli’s theorem this brings about an accompanying pressure and temperature drop.

🛫 Application in Aviation.

🛫The pressure drop at the throat of the venturi forms the basic principle of operation of the carburettor.

🛫Bernoulli's principle can be used to calculate the lift force on an aerofoil.

🛫The pitot tube and static port on an aircraft are used to determine the airspeed of the aircraft.

🛫These two devices are connected to the Air Speed Indicator, which determines the dynamic pressure of the airflow past the aircraft.

🛫Dynamic pressure is the difference between stagnation pressure and static pressure.

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