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๐Ÿ›ฉ️All aircraft hydraulic systems have one or more power-driven pumps and may have a hand pump as an additional unit when the engine-driven pump is inoperative.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️Power-driven pumps are the primary source of energy and may be either engine driven, electric motor driven, or air driven.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️As a general rule, electrical motor pumps are installed for use in emergencies or during ground operations.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️Some aircraft can deploy a ram air turbine (RAT) to generate hydraulic power.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️Double-action hand pumps produce fluid flow and pressure on each stroke of the handle.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️The double-action hand pump consists essentially of a housing that has a cylinder bore and two ports, a piston, two spring-loaded check valves, and an operating handle.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️An O-ring on the piston seals against leakage between the two chambers of the piston cylinder bore.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️An O-ring in a groove in the end of the pump housing seals against leakage between the piston rod and housing.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️When the piston is moved to the right, the pressure in the chamber left of the piston is lowered.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️The inlet port ball check valve opens and hydraulic fluid is drawn into the chamber.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️At the same time, the rightward movement of the piston forces the piston ball check valve against its seat.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️Fluid in the chamber to the right of the piston is forced out of the outlet port into the hydraulic system.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️When the piston is moved to the left, the inlet port ball check valve seats.

๐Ÿ›ฉ️Pressure in the chamber left of the piston rises, forcing the piston ball check valve off of its seat.

Source: aircraftsystemstech.com

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